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                        <strong class="h-username j-username notranslate">Gireesh Tammu</strong><span class="bioStub notranslate"><span class="h-commenter-role">, Test Engineer </span><span class="h-commenter-org"> at CTC Pvt. LTd</span></span>
                    </a> <span class="commentText h-comment-text notranslate">Excellent work. could you please share this documnet me at qa_gireesh@hotmail.com</span> <span class="commentMeta h-comment-meta"> <span class="commentTimestamp h-timestamp">Il y a 5 jours</span> <span class="commentActions h-comment-actions hide">
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                    <a href="/saamooraa" class="notranslate commenter h-commenter j-author-photo" title="saamooraa" rel="nofollow">
                        <img class="nickname" src="//public.slidesharecdn.com/images/user-48x48.png" height="48" alt="saamooraa" original="//public.slidesharecdn.com/images/user-48x48.png" width="48" />
                        <strong class="h-username j-username notranslate">saamooraa</strong><span class="bioStub notranslate"><span class="h-commenter-role"></span><span class="h-commenter-org"></span></span>
                    </a> <span class="commentText h-comment-text notranslate">Hi can you please share it with me,   samar_husni_2012@hotmail.com  Thanks</span> <span class="commentMeta h-comment-meta"> <span class="commentTimestamp h-timestamp">Il y a 1 semaine</span> <span class="commentActions h-comment-actions hide">
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                    <a href="/arsh040" class="notranslate commenter h-commenter j-author-photo" title="arsh040" rel="nofollow">
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                        <strong class="h-username j-username notranslate">Rajesh Lagishetty</strong><span class="bioStub notranslate"><span class="h-commenter-role">, quality controler </span><span class="h-commenter-org"> at shivam medisoft pvt ltd</span></span>
                    </a> <span class="commentText h-comment-text notranslate">Hi,can you please share this document with me on speak2rajesh@hotmail.com</span> <span class="commentMeta h-comment-meta"> <span class="commentTimestamp h-timestamp">Il y a 1 semaine</span> <span class="commentActions h-comment-actions hide">
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                    <a href="/narmi7" class="notranslate commenter h-commenter j-author-photo" title="narmi7" rel="nofollow">
                        <img class="nickname" src="//public.slidesharecdn.com/images/user-48x48.png" height="48" alt="narmi7" original="//public.slidesharecdn.com/images/user-48x48.png" width="48" />
                        <strong class="h-username j-username notranslate">narmi7</strong><span class="bioStub notranslate"><span class="h-commenter-role"></span><span class="h-commenter-org"></span></span>
                    </a> <span class="commentText h-comment-text notranslate">Hi,can you please share this document with me on narmi7@yahoo.com</span> <span class="commentMeta h-comment-meta"> <span class="commentTimestamp h-timestamp">Il y a 2 semaines</span> <span class="commentActions h-comment-actions hide">
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                    <a href="/Win2Khaing" class="notranslate commenter h-commenter j-author-photo" title="Win2Khaing" rel="nofollow">
                        <img class="nickname" src="//public.slidesharecdn.com/images/user-48x48.png" height="48" alt="Win2Khaing" original="//cdn.slidesharecdn.com/profile-photo-Win2Khaing-48x48.jpg" width="48" />
                        <strong class="h-username j-username notranslate">Win2Khaing</strong><span class="bioStub notranslate"><span class="h-commenter-role"></span><span class="h-commenter-org"></span></span>
                    </a> <span class="commentText h-comment-text notranslate">Could you share, please??? winwinkhaing2010@gmail.com</span> <span class="commentMeta h-comment-meta"> <span class="commentTimestamp h-timestamp">Il y a 3 semaines</span> <span class="commentActions h-comment-actions hide">
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                        <strong class="h-username j-username notranslate">Cassandra Wiley</strong><span class="bioStub notranslate"><span class="h-commenter-role"></span><span class="h-commenter-org"></span></span>
                    </a> <span class="commentText h-comment-text notranslate">Excellent.  Will you please share?  Thanks,  kazmo30@yahoo.com</span> <span class="commentMeta h-comment-meta"> <span class="commentTimestamp h-timestamp">Il y a 3 semaines</span> <span class="commentActions h-comment-actions hide">
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                    <a href="/RakulC" class="notranslate commenter h-commenter j-author-photo" title="RakulC" rel="nofollow">
                        <img class="nickname" src="//public.slidesharecdn.com/images/user-48x48.png" height="48" alt="RakulC" original="//public.slidesharecdn.com/images/user-48x48.png" width="48" />
                        <strong class="h-username j-username notranslate">Rakul R C</strong><span class="bioStub notranslate"><span class="h-commenter-role">, Job seeker </span><span class="h-commenter-org"> at Professional job seeker</span></span>
                    </a> <span class="commentText h-comment-text notranslate">great plz share this to my email id rakulrc@gmail.com</span> <span class="commentMeta h-comment-meta"> <span class="commentTimestamp h-timestamp">Il y a 3 semaines</span> <span class="commentActions h-comment-actions hide">
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                        <strong class="h-username j-username notranslate">Mahesh Kumar</strong><span class="bioStub notranslate"><span class="h-commenter-role"></span><span class="h-commenter-org"></span></span>
                    </a> <span class="commentText h-comment-text notranslate">very good</span> <span class="commentMeta h-comment-meta"> <span class="commentTimestamp h-timestamp">Il y a un mois</span> <span class="commentActions h-comment-actions hide">
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                        <strong class="h-username j-username notranslate">Arshad Shigry</strong><span class="bioStub notranslate"><span class="h-commenter-role"></span><span class="h-commenter-org"></span></span>
                    </a> <span class="commentText h-comment-text notranslate">Hi good work Please share this slid with me thanks   Arshad.shigry@gmail.com</span> <span class="commentMeta h-comment-meta"> <span class="commentTimestamp h-timestamp">Il y a un mois</span> <span class="commentActions h-comment-actions hide">
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                        <strong class="h-username j-username notranslate">Tariq Mahmood</strong><span class="bioStub notranslate"><span class="h-commenter-role"></span><span class="h-commenter-org"></span></span>
                    </a> <span class="commentText h-comment-text notranslate">Great work! Could you please it share with me at tariqmanjum2001@hotmail.com</span> <span class="commentMeta h-comment-meta"> <span class="commentTimestamp h-timestamp">Il y a un mois</span> <span class="commentActions h-comment-actions hide">
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            <h2 class="h-slideshow-title">
               <img class="slideshow-thumb" src="//cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/software-testing-1212769140006982-8-thumbnail-2.jpg?1349286537" height="37" alt="Software Testing Basics" width="60" />
               <span class="presentation-title notranslate">Software Testing Basics</span> 
               <span class="h-title-meta title-meta">Presentation Transcript</span>
            </h2>
            <ul class="transcripts h-transcripts"><li>A Guidebook by Belal Raslan




Quality Partners&trade;
 www.SQ-Partners.com

&copy; 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>1. Introduction to Software Engineering



    2. Introduction to Quality Control Engineering



    3. Quality Control Lifecycle During the SDLC



    4. Test Planning and Management



    5. How to Verify the Software Requirements



    6. Effective Test Design Techniques



    7. How to Create Effective Test Cases



    8. Non-functional Testing Techniques



    9. Test Reporting and Monitoring



    10. How to Run Successful User Acceptance Testing





                                            (C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;   •2
 </li><li>Introduction to Software Engineering
 </li><li>Part 1: Introduction to Software Engineering



                             What is Software Engineering?

                                Software engineering is the application
                                of a systematic, disciplined, quantifiable
                                approach to the development,
                                operation, and maintenance of software,
                                and the study of these approaches. That
                                is the application of engineering to
                                software.




                                      (C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;     •4
 </li><li>Part 1: Introduction to Software Engineering



                             What is the SDLC Model ?

                                Software development life cycle model
                                describe phases of the software cycle
                                and the order in which those phases are
                                executed. There are tons of models, and
                                many companies adopt their own, but all
                                have very similar patterns.




                                      (C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;   •5
 </li><li>Part 1: Introduction to Software Engineering



                            What are the common SDLC Models ?

                              1. Big Bang
                              2. Code and fix
                              3. Waterfall
                              4. Iterative

                              Note: There are tons of models, and many
                              companies adopt their own, but all have very
                              similar patterns.




                                                                             •6
                                (C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>1. Big-Bang Model :

    The Approach
    People+Money+Energy=Perfect
    Software or Nothing!
    Advantages
    Simple, needs less planning, less
    formal development process
    Disadvantages
    No formal testing activities, hard to
    manage and monitor, risky

                                                     •7
                      •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>2. Code and Fix Model :

    The Approach
     Informal specification loop of code and
     fix till enough-is-enough decision
        Release
    Advantages
    Little planning and documentation
    work.
   Disadvantages
    Hard to manage the testing and control the
    quality

                                          •8
           (C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>3. Waterfall Model :

    The Approach
     Discrete phases, a review after each
     phase will decide to move next or stay
     at this phase till it&rsquo;s ready.
    Advantages
     Easy to test (clear requirements), easy
     to manage and monitor
     Disadvantages
     High bugs fixing and changes cost, the
     customer has minimal involvement
     during the project
                                                   •9
                    •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>4. Iterative Model :

    The Approach
    Round1 (Waterfall Prototype)
    Evaluate Round1
    Round2 (Waterfall Prototype)
    Loop till end of project
    Advantages
    Easy to test, the customer is tightly
    Involved, the change cost is low
    Disadvantages
    Need risk-assessments expertise

                                                  •10
                   •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>Introduction to Quality Control
                  Engineering
 </li><li>What is Software Quality Control (SQC)?


 SQC is the set of procedures used by
 organizations to ensure that a software product
 will meet its quality goals at the best value to the
 customer, and to continually improve the
 organization&rsquo;s ability to produce software
 products in the future.
 Software quality control refers to specified
 functional requirements as well as non-
 functional requirements.
 These specified procedures and outlined
 requirements leads to the idea of Verification
 and Validation and software testing.

                                                    •12
                     •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>What is software testing?

A quality control activity aimed at
evaluating a software item against the
given system requirements.
This includes, but is not limited to, the
process of executing a program or
application with the intent of finding
software bugs.
Testing is a QC activity.



                                                 •13
                  •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>What is the Verification and Validation
(V&amp;V)?

  Verification: Confirming that something
  (software) meets its specification.
  Validation: Confirming that it meets the
  user&rsquo;s requirements.
  The two major V&amp;V activities are
  reviews, and testing.
  Testing is part of the V&amp;V activities.


                                                  •14
                   •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>What is the software &lsquo;Bug&rsquo; ?
 Things the software does that while it
 is not supposed to do, OR something
 the software doesn't while it is
 supposed to.




                                                  •15
                   •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>What should the tester do?

1. Find the bugs
2. Find them early
3. Make sure that they have been fixed




                                               •16
                •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>What should not the tester do?

1. Fix the bugs!
2. Test with good faith!
3. Test with no requirements!
4. Not to report the obvious bugs!
5. Mock at others because of their bugs!




                                                  •17
                   •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>Quality Control Lifecycle Through
                         the SDLC
 </li><li>What are the testing lifecycle main
activities?

  1. Test Planning.
  2. Test Analysis and Designing.
  3. Test Cases preparation.
  4. Test Execution.
  5. Test Reporting and monitoring.
  6. Bugs Reporting and Regression Testing.
  7. Releasing reporting.
  8. User Acceptance Test execution.




                                                  •19
                   •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>What are the testing lifecycle main activities (Cont&rsquo;d)?

       Project Phase   Team Deliverables          QC Deliverables

                       o   Charter
                                                  o
       Initiation                                     Scope Verification
                       o   Scope
                                                  o   QC Plan
                       o
       Planning            Project Plans
                                                  o   UAT Plan
                                                  o   SRS Verification
                       o   SRS
                                                  o
       Analysis                                       Test Design
                       o   Use Cases
                                                  o   Test Cases

                       o   Logic Design
                       o                          o
       Design              DB Design (ERD)            Design Verification
                       o   GUI Design (Mockups)



                                                  o   Functional and Non-Functional
       Development                                    Testing
                       o   Builds
                                                  o
       and Testing                                    Bugs Reports
                                                  o   Final Release Report (FRR)
                                                                                      •20
                                                      •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>Test Planning and Management
 </li><li>What are the main components of the good
test plan?
  1. Introduction
      1. Objectives
      2. Scope (In scope and out of scope)
      3. Roles &amp; Responsibilities
      4. Risks and Dependencies
      5. Deliverables
  2. Resources and Environment Requirements
      2.1 Staffing and Training needs
      2.2 Test Environment
      2.3 Test Tools Requirements
      2.4 Test Data                                    •22
                        •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>What are the main components of the good
test plan (cont&rsquo;d)?

  3. Schedule
  4. Test Monitoring and Reporting
  5. Pass/Fail criteria




                                                         •23
                          •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>How to Verify the Software
             Requirements
 </li><li>What is the Software Requirements Specification
Document?

     A software requirements specification (SRS) is a
     comprehensive description of the intended
     purpose and environment for software under
     development. The SRS document fully describes
     what the software will do and how it will be
     expected to perform.




                                                         •25
                          •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>The characteristics of a good requirements :

  1.Complete: The information covers all aspects of
  this user function.
  2.Consistent: The information for this user
  function is internally consistent. There are no
  conflicting statements.
  3.Correct: The item is free from error.
  4.Testable: Can the requirement be easily mapped
  to specific test cases.




                                                       •26
                        •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>The characteristics of a good requirements :
(Cont&rsquo;d)

  5. Specific :The item is exact and not vague; there
  is a single interpretation; the meaning of each item
  is understood; the specification is easy to read.
  Use well defined terms and enough information.
  Terms such as “High”, “Low”, “Quick”, “Fast”, “Big”
  are not acceptable.
  6. Relevant: The item is related to the problem and
  its solution.
  7. Expressed in the User&rsquo;s Language: All
  requirements shall be expressed using no design
  and in the users terminology.

                                                       •27
                        •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>The characteristics of a good requirements :
(Cont&rsquo;d)
  8. Understandable: Difficult language should not
  be used. Be clear. If formal notations are used,
  make sure they are easy to understand. Figures
  and tables are helpful, but must be
  explained.
  9. Tracable: The item can be traced to its origin in
  the problem environment. Also, you must be able
  to find who originated a requirement, who wrote
  it, what other requirement does this one impact.
  This information is important to make the
  requirements usable and maintainable
  (changeable).


                                                       •28
                        •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>The characteristics of a good requirements :
(Cont&rsquo;d)

  10. Feasible: The item can be implemented with
  the available techniques, tools, resources, and
  personnel, and within the specified cost and
  schedule constraints .
  11. Free of unwarranted design detail. : The
  requirements specifications are a statement of the
  requirements that must be satisfied by the
  problem solution, and they are not obscured by
  proposed solution to the problem.
  12. Prioritized: The priority of this item relative to
  other requirements has been recorded.

                                                        •29
                         •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>Effective Test Design Techniques
 </li><li>What is Test Design document?

  Documentation specifying the details of the test
  approach for a software feature or combination
  of software features and identifying the
  associated tests.




                                                    •31
                     •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>Test Design Techniques:

 1. Equivalence Partitioning
 Equivalence partitioning is a test design method
 for deriving test cases. In this method, classes of
 input conditions called equivalence classes are
 identified such that each member of the class
 causes the same kind of processing and output to
 occur. In this method, the tester identifies various
 equivalence classes for partitioning. A class is a
 set of input conditions that are is likely to be
 handled the same way by the system. If the
 system were to handle one case in the class
 erroneously, it would handle all cases
 erroneously.
                                                     •32
                      •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>1. Equivalence Partitioning (Cont&rsquo;d):


  Why we should use Equivalence Partitioning
  when designing test cases:
  1. To reduce the number of test cases (by
  avoiding the redundant cases), hence reducing
  the testing time and cost.
   2. To assure better test coverage, by testing all
  input classes, hence improve the test efficiency.




                                                      •33
                       •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>Test Design Techniques:

  2. Boundary Values Analysis (BVA)
  BVA is a methodology for designing test cases that
  concentrates software testing effort on cases near
  the limits of input ranges (the boundaries).
  Note: BVA should be performed after identifying
  the Equivalence Partitions of the software.
  BVA generates test cases that highlight errors
  better than equivalence partitioning. The trick is to
  concentrate software testing efforts at the
  extreme ends of the equivalence classes. At those
  points when input values change from valid to
  invalid errors are most likely to occur.
                                                       •34
                        •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>What are the main components of the good test
design document?

 1. Scope
     1.1 Features to be tested
     1.2 Testing types to be applied
 2. Test Cases Structure
 3. Test Levels
 4. Test Approach (Design Matrix)
 5. Pass/Fail criteria




                                                          •35
                           •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>How to Create Effective Test Cases
 </li><li>What are the characteristics of a good Test Case?


• Testability; easy to be executed
•Use active case, do this, do that, system displays this,
does that
•Simple, conversational language
•Exact, consistent names of fields, not generic
•Don&rsquo;t explain Windows basics
•10-15 steps or less. In the case of integration test case&rsquo;s
try to provide references instead of explaining the
functionality again and again.
•Always updated your test cases along with new build.
                                                          •37
                           •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>Non-Functional Testing Techniques
 </li><li>Non-functional Testing Types:

• Performance: the response time, utilization, and throughput
  behavior of the system.
    oVolume : Testing a software application for a certain data volume.
    o Load : Creating demand on a system or device and measuring its response.
    o Stress: Determine the stability of a given system or entity.
• Compatibility : Measures how well the system operates on different operating
environment.
• Recovery : Testing a system's ability to recover from a hardware or software
failure.




                                                                                     •39
                                                      •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>Non-functional Testing Types (Cont&rsquo;d):
• Availability: Is it available when and where I need to use it?
• Efficiency: How few system resources does it consume?
• Flexibility: How easy is it to add new features?
• Maintainability: How easy it is to correct defects or make changes?
• Portability: Can it be made to work on other platforms?
• Security: The system&rsquo;s ability to resist unauthorized attempts at
  usage or behavior modification, while still providing service to
  authorized users.
• Accessibility testing: measure how well the system interface serve users with
disabilities.



                                                                                      •40
                                                       •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>Non-functional Testing Types (Cont&rsquo;d):
• Reliability: How long does it run before causing a failure?
• Reusability: How easily can we use components in other systems?
•Usability: How easy is it for people to learn or to use?
•Installability: How easy is it to correctly install the product.
• Recovery Test: Testing a system's ability to recover from a hardware or software
failure.




                                                                                        •41
                                                         •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>Test Reporting and Monitoring
 </li><li>How to write effective bug report
 Report the pattern not an example.
 Don&rsquo;t describe what's wrong, only!
 Be direct to the point (don&rsquo;t tell a story!).
 Report the bug, but not how to solve it.
Don&rsquo;t mix between priority and severity.
 Don&rsquo;t use: CAPS, red letters, red circles, &lsquo;!&rsquo; , &lsquo;?&rsquo;.
 Don&rsquo;t use your personal judgment.
 Write with the fixer language, not with yours.
 Minimize the options.
 Don&rsquo;t use the word &lsquo;Sometimes&rsquo;.
                                                            •43
                             •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li><li>How to Run Successful User
          Acceptance Test
 </li><li>Tips for successful UAT
 Create User Acceptance Plan early in the project
 Identify the acceptance test cases during test cases
creation
 Send the acceptance checklist to the client prior to
conducting the UAT
 Conduct Pre-UAT
 Set the expectation and clearly define the scope
during the UAT
 Consider the feedback and take document the notes




                                                         •45
                          •(C) 2009, Quality Partners&trade;
 </li></ul>
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